Proof of concept of a workflow methodology for the creation of basic canine head anatomy veterinary education tool using augmented reality

Neuroanatomy can be challenging to both teach and learn within the undergraduate veterinary medicine and surgery curriculum. Traditional techniques have been used for many years, but there has now been a progression to move towards alternative digital models and interactive 3D models to engage the learner. However, digital innovations in the curriculum have typically involved the medical curriculum rather than the veterinary curriculum. Therefore, we aimed to create a simple workflow methodology to highlight the simplicity there is in creating a mobile augmented reality application of basic canine head anatomy. Using canine CT and MRI scans and widely available software programs, we demonstrate how to create an interactive model of head anatomy. This was applied to augmented reality for a popular Android mobile device to demonstrate the user-friendly interface. Here we present the processes, challenges and resolutions for the creation of a highly accurate, data based anatomical model that could potentially be used in the veterinary curriculum. This proof of concept study provides an excellent framework for the creation of augmented reality training products for veterinary education. The lack of similar resources within this field provides the ideal platform to extend this into other areas of veterinary education and beyond

Proof of concept of a workflow methodology for the creation of basic canine head anatomy veterinary education tool using augmented reality - Fig 8

<p><b>A.</b> Basic navigation between scenes. <b>B.</b> Intended functionality features.</p

Forebrain selected in the brain scene.

<p>Forebrain selected in the brain scene.</p

The Start Up menu showing skull, brain and acknowledgments options.

<p>The Start Up menu showing skull, brain and acknowledgments options.</p

Workflow methodology related to data extraction.

<p>From “YES” this leads to <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0195866#pone.0195866.g002" target="_blank">Fig 2</a>, Modelling.</p

Skull selected in the skull scene.

<p>Skull selected in the skull scene.</p

Workflow methodology related to modelling.

<p>From “Adequate” it leads to <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0195866#pone.0195866.g003" target="_blank">Fig 3</a>, AR Interface.</p

Various views of the completed skull model with the OpenSubdiv modifier and no edged faces.

<p>Various views of the completed skull model with the OpenSubdiv modifier and no edged faces.</p

Manual segmentation of the contour of the forebrain in the dorsal plane of the T2 CISS MRI.

<p>Manual segmentation of the contour of the forebrain in the dorsal plane of the T2 CISS MRI.</p

Canine skull menu.

<p>Canine skull menu.</p